Life and Death in California :: essays research papers

Life & Death in the State of California   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the United States, the first known execution was of Daniel Frank and it took place in the Colony of Virginia. Frank was executed in 1622 for the crime of theft (University of Alaska). Since the time of Daniel Frank, the death penalty has almost always been a part of our criminal justice system, starting in the colonies and continuing in the United States after we won our independence. As far as the United States goes, I am going to start off in 1930 because this was when the Bureau of Justice Statistics, United States Department of Justice, first started to compile data on a fairly regular basis. From 1930 through 1967, 3859 people were executed under civil circumstances in the United States. Others were executed but they were completed under the jurisdiction of the United States military. During this period of nearly forty years over half of those executed (54%) were black, forty five percent were white, and the remaining one percent were from other racial groups – America n Indians (a total of 19 executed from 1930-1967), Filipino (13), Chinese (8), Japanese (2). By far the majority of those being executed were men; only 32 women were executed between 1930 and 1967. During this same period of time the United States Army (and the Air Force) executed 160 people, including 106 executions for murder (21 involved rape), 53 for rape, and one for desertion. The U.S. Navy has not executed anyone since 1849 (University of Alaska). Strong pressure from parties opposed to the use of the death penalty resulted in an unofficial moratorium on executions for several years, with the last one taking place in 1967. Legal challenges to the death penalty led up to a 5-4 United States Supreme Court decision in Furman v. Georgia. Furman v. Georgia struck down the federal and state capital punishment laws that permitted wide discretion of the application of the death penalty. The majority of the justices ruled these laws as cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the eighth amendment to the U.S. Constitution and the due process guarantees of the fourteenth amendment. Only Justices Brennan and Marshall declared capital punishment to be unconstitutional in all instances (Furman v. Georgia). Furman v. Georgia led to many new death sentencing laws. The first execution under the new laws took place in Utah when Gary Gilmore was executed by firing squad for murder.

The Waste Land

Eliot expressed all of these feelings In his poem. In fact. The Waste Land soon became known as â€Å"the work that best expressed the mood of a postwar generation disillusioned by the loss of ideals and faith in progress† (Duper 7). The Waste Land does not, however, express only despair in the condition of modern society. Conscious of its actual degradation, Eliot sought a meaner to escape it. He did a great deal of research concerning fertility rituals and myths and indicated that â€Å"his reading In these and similar studies revived a way of seeing behind presenters actions a substratum of past beliefs and practices that. Hough now lost to consciousness, continue to Inform our daily lives In hidden but significant ways† (Duper 8). As Dolmen Schwartz states, â€Å"Elite's theme is the rehabilitation of a system of beliefs, known but now discredited† (209). Eliot felt that man needed to be brought back to these old beliefs, but was wary of stating this openly, fearing a direct approach would prevent the poem from being read. The modern man had become too hardened to accept Christian principles directly and, Instead, must gradually be made aware of his condition.In order to achieve this, Eliot chronicled his 1 Nihilism: (from the Latin nil, nothing) a philosophical position which argues that the world, especially past and current human existence, is without meaning. Journey of realization and revelation in the form of The Waste Land, using the protagonist of the poem to represent his own passage to spiritual awareness and to convince man of the degradation of society and the need for reform. The poem begins with the protagonist musing on spring: April is the cruelest month, breedingLilacs out of the dead land, mixing Memory and desire, stirring Dull roots with spring rain. Winter kept us warm, covering Earth in forgetful snow, feeding A little life with dried tubers. (1, 1-7)2 This passage is an indication of the extent of the degradation of man. He has sunken so low Into depravity that he prefers to live a life of ignorance and to disregard the fact that he Is living a half-life. April, the month In which spring begins, is no longer a joyous time in which new life is celebrated, but a cruel time of rebirth that reminds man that his own life is terribly empty.The protagonist then addresses man directly, stating, â€Å"you know only / a heap of broken images, where the sun beats, / and the dead tree gives no shelter, the cricket no relief, / and the dry stone no sound of water† (l, 21-24). He then invites us into â€Å"the shadow of this red an allusion to the got Isaiah, in which the Messiahs torture coming is likened to â€Å"an hiding place from the wind, and a covert from the tempest; as rivers of water in a dry place, as the shadow of a great rock in a weary land† (KAVA Bible, Sis. 32:2).Under this red rock, he will show the way to escape the mundane life man has roughs upon himself. The speaker th en recalls the time he first realized the emptiness of his life. In the 2 Citations from the poem are taken from The Waste Land, De. Michael North (New York: Norton, 2001) springtime, he says, he gave his lover hyacinths. Looking at her, with her arms full of flowers and her hair dripping wet, he expected to see happiness and fulfillment, but saw nothing. At this point, he realizes that true Joy cannot be found in transitory things.The world holds nothing for him- â€Å"Ode' undo leer ads Mere† (1, 42)-desolate and empty is the sea. It is possible that Eliot came to this same realization through a similar cause, as he and his wife had a very unhappy relationship. The protagonist then takes us on a Journey through society, a Journey that illustrates the full extent of human degradation and spiritual emptiness. In the first scene of â€Å"A Game of Chess,† a wealthy couple is shown at home, living meaningless lives composed of dull routines. Their relationship is forced and artificial, each so self-absorbed that neither can communicate with the other.In the second scene of this section, the extent of gradation is further revealed. A woman is in a pub discussing with a group of friends the advice she gave her friend Ill when Oil's husband, Alfred, was discharged from military service. She says she pointed out that Alfred, having been in the service for four years, â€Å"wants a good time† and told Ill, â€Å"if you don't give it to him, there's others 148-149). She then rebuked Ill for looking â€Å"so antique† (II, 156), and Ill replied that it was because she had an abortion. She had already given birth to five children and did not want more.In this scene, sex is reduced to a duty a wife must reform to please her husband, and children are an obligation, not a Joy. In â€Å"The Fire Sermon,† the depravity of man is further illustrated. A woman is shown in her apartment eating dinner with her lover. Their encounter after dinner is described thusly: The time is now propitious, as he guesses, The meal is ended, she is bored and tired, Endeavourers to engage her in caresses Which still are unimproved, if undesired Flushed and decided, he assaults at once; Exploring hands encounter no defense; His vanity requires no response, And makes a welcome of indifference. Ill, 235-242) When he leaves, â€Å"her brain allows one half-formed thought to pass: ‘Well now that's done: and I'm glad it's 252) This attitude of indifference can be seen as even more depraved than lust and expresses the apathetic attitude of many after the war. However, there is still hope. Sometimes, the protagonist can hear â€Å"the pleasant whining of a mandolins† (Ill, 261) near the walls of Magnums Martyr, a church â€Å"where fishermen lounge at noon† (Ill, 263). This brief glimpse of hope is an indication of the source of a meaningful life. The â€Å"fishermen† remind us of Jesus' disciples, the â€Å"fishers f men† (KAVA Bible, Matt. :19), who were exhorted to Journey throughout the earth, telling men tot the gospel o t Christ and the way to salvation. In â€Å"Death by Water,† TN way of escape from the degradation of society is revealed. The protagonist tells us of Please the Phoenician, who experienced death by water, which can be seen as a representation of baptism, the shedding of the sinful nature, and the acceptance of the â€Å"Living Water† (KAVA Bible, John 7:38) of Christ. Please is now dead to the world. He has forgotten â€Å"the cry of gulls, and the deep sea swell / and the profit and the joss† (V, 313-314).He is no longer affected by the sin of modern society but lives separate from it. The narrator then addresses the reader: â€Å"Gentile or Jew / O you who turn the wheel and look to windward, / Consider Please, who was once handsome and tall as you† (V, 319-321). With this address, the narrator reminds us that we are as mortal as Please, and we also require this â€Å"Living Water. † This passage is a direct contrast to â€Å"The Fire Sermon† quenching the fires of lust with the â€Å"Living Water† that provides spiritual cleansing. To truly experience life, our sinful nature must die.The protagonist concludes by explaining his own realization that, like â€Å"Jerusalem Athens Alexandria† (V, 374), modern society is deteriorating: â€Å"London Bridge is falling down† (V, 426). At this time, he has a decision to make: â€Å"Shall I at least set my lands in order? † (V, 425) Will he avoid the decay of society and abandon his meaningless life for one with significance? His decision is evident in the last stanza of the poem. Amid the madness of the ruin of society, the protagonist finds â€Å"Shanties shanties shanties† (V, 433)-a peace that passes understanding.Like Please, he has chosen to bid farewell to his dishonest, worldly self and surrender to the Living Water th at has the power to quench the fires of corruption. It is through this passage that Eliot suggests his own discovery and his decision to experience the peace that passes understanding by surrendering the corrupt part of himself. The poem, composed of seemingly fragmented ideas and stream-of-consciousness thoughts, ends on a note of peace, a peace that Eliot has attained and wishes modern man to experience. Works Cited Duper, Robert S.

Life Of The Elderly At A Nursing Home - 1086 Words

Katrina Gilbert is a single mother, living paycheck to paycheck with her three children, Trent, Lydia, and and Brooklyn. Working as a Certified Nursing Assistant, making nine dollars and forty-nine cents. Separated from her husband Jeremy, Katrina now works day in and day out supporting herself, and her children. Spending most of her time taking care of the elderly at a nursing home. I personally didn’t have experience with poverty growing up. My family was not wealthy by any means, however we were well enough off that my family was taken care of. It wasn’t until I moved out of my parents home in Nashville, to move down here to Chattanooga that I learned what it meant to live paycheck to paycheck. After paying off every bill I wouldn t have enough money to eat a decent meal. My diet consisted of instant ramen, and tap water. Not being able to sleep because of too much stress, and not being able to hang out with family or friends because I had to work, or didn t have eno ugh money to work out. Living paycheck to paycheck was very hard in the beginning, and it wasn’t until I got a good job, and good hours that I finally started making good enough money to branch out a bit. Watching the film made me sad for Katrina s situation, and also made me realise how lucky I really was growing up and living on my own. I had it easy, and she had it as hard as it possibly could be. Jeremy and Katrina are now separated with three children. Jeremy abused pain medication, and becauseShow MoreRelatedArgumentative Essay Nursing Homes1317 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: â€Å"Do all elderly have the same life when they become older?† Each person will have different life by their own. Some of them have a colorful life at the end, but some are not. It depends on their living conditions and surrounding people, too. A Few decades ago, people believed that their older relatives should be taken care at home to express filial piety. However, with the modern society, they tend to send their parents or grandparents into the nursing home instead of let them liveRead MoreA Rough Past : The History Of Nursing Homes Essay1698 Words   |  7 PagesA Rough Past: The History of Nursing Homes One thing every living organism has in common on this planet-- age. No one wants to age or face the fact that aging is inevitable. However, since it’s impossible to beat the never ending time clock that is life; everyone wants to be as comfortable as possible when age finally does catch up with them. When the majority of people think of comfortability in old age, they think of living in their own homes and being surrounded by their loved ones. Not manyRead MoreThe Importance Of Quality Assurance And Performance Improvement1558 Words   |  7 Pagesto discuss programs that are implemented to improve the care of the elderly population, especially in nursing homes. Throughout the paper, the general changes that the older adults go through their life will be discussed. Overview of five articles that are related to the elements of Quality Assurance and Performance Improvement (QAPI) will be given. Furthermore, this paper will examine physical and emotional changes that elderly go through. It will also focus on quality and improvement initiativesRead MoreState and Federal Regulations for Nursing Homes for the Elderly1067 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Nursing home for the elderly State and federal regulations There were reports of rampant neglect as well as abuse of the people in the nursing homes across the USA, something that prompted the Congress to enact legislation to deal with this in 1987. The legislation was known as the Nursing Homes Reform Act which stated that each nursing home must provide services and activities to attain or maintain the highest practicable physical, mental, and psychosocial well-being of each resident in accordanceRead MoreThe Difficult Time of Sending a Loved One to a Nursing Home916 Words   |  4 PagesPlacing a loved one in a nursing home is a difficult decision to make. There are many advantages and disadvantages to take into consideration before producing the final decision. However, when elderly become too frail to manage at home or when their care giver cannot take care of them any longer, many want more assistance than what they receive. This is one of the reasons why an elderly is taken to a long term care institution. Nursing homes are facilities for elderly people who need care and assistanceRead MoreIs Abuse A Nursing Homes? What Are The Warning Signs?951 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is abuse in nursing homes? What are the warning signs? How did abuse in nursing homes start? To begin, there are different types of abuse such as: emotional, sexual, neglect, financial and physical abuse. Next, the warning signs of any type of abuse are tension between the elderly and changes in behavior. Finally, nursing homes have a long history of abuse, but because of laws and regulations there has been less cases than in the past. In conclusion, abuse in nursing homes can be avoided byRead MorePutting Elderly Parents in Anursing Home1148 Words   |  5 PagesPutting elderly parents in a nursing home verses keeping them at home. Theresa Burroughs Composition I – 6 Instructor:  Elaine Childs January 1, 2010 There will almost absolutely come a day when your parents will need you. When this time comes, they will probably not admit that they need you or anyone else for that matter, but in reality, they will definitely need someone. If you look back to your childhood it’s quite similar to those days they had to care for you. They took care ofRead MoreIntegrative Reflection On Friendly Home998 Words   |  4 PagesIntegrative Reflection on Friendly Home In the â€Å"Introduction to Social Work’’ course, the class requires agency visits or listening to guest speaks to show the different types of areas of the social work profession. This time, the class visited a nursing home called Friendly Home. At our class visit to Friendly Home, Shireen Haynes discussed her role at the nursing home and how the nursing home functions. From visiting Friendly Home and listen to Mrs. Haynes, I have learned the role, the challengesRead MoreThe Basic Values Of Confucianism Essay1154 Words   |  5 Pagesto his or her ability to work — something that diminishes in old age† (How Many Seniors Really End Up In Nursing Homes?, 2016). The stigma of aging likely comes from the fear of death. In many western cultures, youthfulness is praised. On the other hand, many people who are in their forties and older are discriminated against. These culture often cater to the youth, while shunning the elderly. Even though the majority of Ame ricans recognize themselves as Protestants, religion in America has slowlyRead MoreNursing Home Abuse Essay771 Words   |  4 PagesNursing Home Abuse 3 Nursing Home Abuse As the healthcare system in this country has changed, so have traditional nursing homes. Families have the right to expect that their loved ones will be taken care of by professionals in a caring environment. Unfortunately, may people are being abused and neglected in nursing homes. It is very clear that abuse is a serious problem among nursing home patients, and something needs to be done to put a stop to it. Abuse can happen

Symbolic Images The Poetry of Emily Dickinson Essay

The poetry of the Imagists is short, simple, and quite literal in its meaning in order to create a vivid picture in the reader’s mind. When they describe an object, it means just what they say. A tree is a tree, a flower is a flower, and a bird is a bird. Imagists have little use for abstract words or ideas, and tend to shy away from them as much as possible. Emily Dickinson doesn’t fall under the same category as the Imagists, as she doesn’t use the same techniques as the Imagists. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Dickinson’s poems center on very vivid images, with very different takes on them. They very often contain abstract concepts, which are often given concrete principles and are incorporated as part of her images. She implants deeper†¦show more content†¦The lines â€Å"For I have but the power to kill/Without - the power to die –â€Å" sum up Dickinson’s feelings of the power of women. She obviously feels that women do have tremendous power, but in the heavily male-oriented society of her time, that power lay dormant without a man to use it. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Another poem heavily laden with symbolic images is â€Å"The Lightning is a Yellow Fork.† This poem uses symbolism in a different way than the first. Rather than using symbol to show her view of the roles of women, she uses it to pose a question to the reader without explicitly asking one. This poem closely resembles the poems of the Imagists, as she makes a short description of a lighting strike. However, the description becomes only half the poem, as she goes deep into metaphor and abstract ideas. In the first stanza, she uses metaphor to compare the fork dropped from a table. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Lightning is a yellow Fork nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;From Tables in the sky nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;By inadvertent fingers dropt nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The awful Cutlery This stanza shows how lightning seems to be an accident, dropped on Earth objectively wherever it may land. The following stanza seems to ask the question of where the fork was dropped from. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Of mansions never quite disclosedShow MoreRelatedEmily Dickinsons Capitalization and Punctuation1251 Words   |  6 PagesThe poetry of Emily Dickinson is one of the most recognizable of the 19th century. Dickinson’s poetry stands out because of its unconventional use of capitalization and punctuation. Her poems contain capitalized words which are not normally capitalized. Her poems are noted for the frequent use of the dash. Literary scholars have attempted to interpret Dickinson’s unconventional capitalization and punctuation. Some believe that it was merely part of Dickinson’s penmanship (Weisbuch 73). They thereforeRead MoreEmily Dickinson s I Taste A Liquor Never Brewed 1237 Words   |  5 PagesDraft: Emily Dickinson Emily Dickinson s works made her a woman ahead of her time, through her unwillingness to conform to the norms of society. Emily Dickinson was a poet from the 1850s. Many people tried to urge Dickinson to publish, but she then had to start worrying about her punctuation in her works. Her works held great power and they reached maturity quite quickly as she talks about how dense the natural world is in one of her poems â€Å"I taste a liquor never brewed†. Emily Dickinson was bornRead MoreEssay about Emily dickinson1145 Words   |  5 Pages Emily Dickinson’s poetry powerfully indicates values of society of the time. It does this through its conciseness, its simplicity and its control. Indications of society’s values are seen in many of Dickinsons poems, but they are especially noticeable in ‘It was not Death’, and ‘Because I could not stop for Death’. In Dickinson’s poem ‘It was not Death’, she demonstrates how restricting and stereotyping society can be on an individual, and how society values the conformity of the whole communityRead MoreEmily Dickinson’s Imagery and Symbolic Creations592 Words   |  2 PagesDickinson’s Imagery and Symbolic Creations In many of Emily Dickinson’s pieces of poetry that she has created are notoriously known for being very innovative of all poetry. Emily the author of the poems, â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death† and â€Å"I Heard a Fly Buzz – When I Died† is made very vivid and extraordinary to the reader with the amount of symbolism and imagery she uses. Imagery used inside of Dickinson’s poems create a bigger picture in the readers minds that let them almost feel some ofRead MoreDickinson and Her Religion Essay1074 Words   |  5 PagesDickinson and her Religion Emily Dickinson was one of the greatest woman poets. She left us with numerous works that show us her secluded world. Like other major artists of nineteenth-century American introspection such as Emerson, Thoreau, and Melville, Dickinson makes poetic use of her vacillations between doubt and faith. The style of her first efforts was fairly conventional, but after years of practice she began to give room for experiments. Often written in the meter of hymns, her poemsRead MoreAnalysis Of Emily Dickinson s A Narrow Fellow 1246 Words   |  5 Pagesdoing in one of Emily Dickinson’s most well-known poems. However, this poem has proved to be more of an ambiguous puzzle rather than a simple poem depicting a beautifully painted picture of nature. It was one of very few poems that were published during Dickinson’s lifetime. Though this poem seems to be symbolic of something much deeper than the love and appreciation of nature, one cannot help but feel lost in the simplistic words and beautiful imagery and metaphors that Dickinson uses to drawRead MoreEmily Dickinson : Death And Afterlife996 Words   |  4 PagesEmily Dickinson: Death and Afterlife Emily Dickinson lived a life of seclusion and grew up in Amherst, Massachusetts. She almost always stayed at home and wore basic clothing, only dressing in white gowns (Puchner 1054). Dickinson also never married. She was born in 1830 and died in 1886. Dickinson never intended for her works to be published or even made public for that matter. She asked her sister to destroy all of her works, but instead, her sister decided to have her works published afterRead MoreAnalysis of Because I Could Not Stop for Death2013 Words   |  9 Pagesvariety of topics. One often used topic is that of death. The theme of death has been approached in many different ways. Emily Dickinson is one of the numerous poets who uses death as the subject of several of her poems. In her poem Because I Could Not Stop for Death, death is portrayed as a gentleman who comes to give the speaker a ride to eternity. Throughout the poem, Dickinson develops her unusual interpretation of death and, by doing so, composes a poem full of imagery that is both unique andRead MoreEssay on A poem and a loaded gun1111 Words   |  5 Pagescivil war era was wrought with sexism and backwards thinking. Emily Dickinson was born in 1830, wrote 1800 poems in her lifetime. She has become known for unfolding the social boundaries surrounding women in this time period. Most of her life was shrouded in seclusion and mystery. In the realm of poetry, authors are creative with their usage of literary techniques in order to illustrate their point of view to the reader. Emily Dickinson is especially known for her precise diction, powerful imageryRead MoreEmily Dickinson Research Paper1928 Words   |  8 Pages Dickinson Research Paper Emily Dickinson is one of the most influential poets of all time, and has a unique way of using literal imagery to paint a picture in the readers mind. The best poets are those that excel at using their words to create clear, concrete images and intrigue their reader. Dickinson began writing poetry around the year 1855, and prospered for another 10 years. Some of her most famous poems include â€Å"I Taste a liquor Never Brewed†, â€Å"Success is Counted Sweetest†, and â€Å"Wild nights

Creation Myths in the Abrahamic Religions - 1850 Words

According to Charles Dickens, â€Å"The whole difference between construction and creation is this: that a thing constructed can only be loved after it is constructed; but a thing created is loved before it exists† (qtd. in â€Å"Charles Dickens†). Although the creation stories of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have some differences, the fact that the three Abrahamic religions all arose in the same Middle Eastern area in succession may have had an effect on not only each religion’s beliefs that can be found in their creation myth, but also on their extreme similarities, especially on the ideas regarding the beginning of time. These three religions have greatly influenced each other because of these factors and continue to affect each other today. In regards to creation, all three of these religions believe that there was one God who made all things but believe in other differing aspects of their stories to explain the dawn of time. For example, while Jews and C hristians believe that God said â€Å"Let there be†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Smith et al., â€Å"Jewish Creation Story†)(Smith et al., â€Å"Christian Creation Story†), Muslims think that their God said only â€Å"Be† (Smith et al., â€Å"Muslim Creation Story†). Judaism, Christianity, and Islam will forever be connected because of their shared area of emergence in sequence which resulted in their similar but yet still different beliefs. The creation myths of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have basically the same ideas about the belief that all things were created by aShow MoreRelatedMyth Of Judaism, Christianity, And Islam1885 Words   |  8 Pages Myth in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Evan Wunder World Religions Myth in the Abrahamic Religions Andrea Scardina The term â€Å"myth† is often associated with stories that are considered to be false. In the context of religion, however, the term, â€Å"myth†, describes any of the tales that are accepted by a given religion, and these stories are usually treated as historical fact by followers. The Abrahamic religions would likely agree that most of the myths in their sacred texts are indeed historicalRead MoreReligion Should Be Non Existent But Society1675 Words   |  7 PagesReligion is one of the most controversial topics discussed amongst others. The debate on religion should be non-existent but society doesn’t allow us to have a difference of opinion. The most discussed topic is always how the religion came to be. The conversation usually includes whether or not the religion was formed by a higher power or myths that have been passed down for generations. Today, religion still remains to be a constant study of many and is continually being researched for a betterRea d MoreAn Analysis of Robert Wrights Evolution of God721 Words   |  3 Pageshumanity has created the singular all-powerful God of the Abrahamic religions; namely Judaism, Islam, and Christianity. In his book, he tries to make the point that what people accept as some omnipotent and ephemeral God is really just the evolution of a series of prehistoric beliefs which are no more based in fact than any other religious deities. Robert Wright locates the creation of the Judeo-Christian God with the formulation of other myths and legends. One of the more interesting aspects of WrightsRead MoreWhat Does The Term Soul Mean?1581 Words   |  7 Pagesbased on beliefs, and each religion has different beliefs. In the creation story God makes human beings out of the dust of the ground, into which God breathes the breath of life (Gen. 2:7). While Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have traditionally seen the soul as a substantive individual, enduring over time, Hindu and Buddhist literature have cast the individuality of the soul in more conditional terms (soul). When an individual dies, according to many world religions, the soul is judged or evaluatedRead MoreThe Problem, Solution, And Technique1112 Words   |  5 Pagestechnique in Buddhism with those of another eastern religion of your choice. For Buddhism, the problem is suffering, the solution is nirvana, and the technique for achieving nirvana is the Noble Eightfold Path. For Hinduism, the problem is samsara, the solution is moksha, liberation from samsara. The various yoga’s are the techniques. 2. Is the presence of an ethical dimension a basic requirement for a system of thought to be considered a religion? Why or why not? Ethical dimension are the key elementsRead MoreComparisons of Creation Myths Essay2092 Words   |  9 Pages Myths – as they are known to most of the world – give insight into the pasts of various countries and religions as the people saw them. They have been used to explain phenomenons in nature or describe the tales of courageous and important men and women throughout history. Creation myths in particular define how the Earth itself was created, along with the universe, heavens, hell, people, and creatures that exist today. Genesis of Christian mythology, for instance, tells the storyRead MoreThe Semitic People and their Religions1993 Words   |  8 Pagesdescribes ‘the people who came from the Middle East and their languages.’ Brown (2003, online). The religions of these people include – Judaism, Islam and Christianity. All three religions are sometimes referred to as ‘Abrahamic religions’ because they trace their history to Abraham in the Hebrew bible. In the beginning, there was the Zoroastrianism religion. Zoroastrianism is one of the worlds oldest religions. ‘It was founded by the Prophet Zoroaster (Zarathustra) in ancient Iran approximately 3500 yearsRead MoreReligion Essay1649 Words   |  7 PagesReligion Essay 1. What are the functions of religion? 2. Is it possible to be religious and accept the teachings of modern science? Based upon my opinion and research I believe that it is not possible to be religious and at the same time, accept the teachings of modern science. As explained in the two questions below, the idea of a religion is to seek the answer to the meaning of life, and after death, live in an eternity with their God. Many religions outline the beginning of the world andRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution Or Intelligent Design1677 Words   |  7 Pagesmade it as far as the Supreme Court. In the 1987 court case Edwards v. Aguillard it was ruled that it is unconstitutional to teach Creationism in public schools because it violates First Amendment protections against the establishment of a state religion. The matter again reached the court in the 2004 case of Kitzmiller v. Dover, after a school board in Pennsylvania introduced the concept of Intelligent Design, a more modern form of Creationism, to the classroom.(Matzke) They taught the IntelligentRead MoreWhat Does The Word Man As A Synonym For Hu mans?1410 Words   |  6 Pagesaround to contribute to men view women. According to Speth in A New Consciousness, approximately 85% of the world’s people belong to some sort of a religion (214). For some of these people, their religion will encompass their entire worldview whereas for others it will only take up two hours of their week. At any rate, it cannot be denied that religion affects some part of how we view our place in the world. A major aspect of that is how people view themselves in comparison to nature. I believe that

Trojan Horse Free Essays

Over the last twenty years, a technological revolution has occurred as computers are now an essential element of today’s society. Large computers are used to track reservations for the airline industry, process billions of dollars for banks, manufacture products for industry, and conduct major transactions for businesses because more and more people now have computers at home and at the office. People commit computer crimes because of society’s declining ethical standards more than any economic need. We will write a custom essay sample on Trojan Horse or any similar topic only for you Order Now According to experts, gender is the only bias. The profile of today’s non-professional thieves crosses all races, age groups and economic strata. Computer criminals tend to be relatively honest and in a position of trust: few would do anything to harm another human, and most do not consider their crime to be truly dishonest. Most are males: women have tended to be accomplices, though of late they are becoming more aggressive. Computer Criminals tend to usually be â€Å"between the ages of 14-30, they are usually bright, eager, highly motivated, adventuresome, and willing to accept technical challenges. (Shannon, 16:2) â€Å"It is tempting to liken computer criminals to other criminals, ascribing characteristics somehow different from ‘normal’ individuals, but that is not the case. â€Å"(Sharp, 18:3) It is believed that the computer criminal â€Å"often marches to the same drum as the potential victim but follows and unanticipated path. â€Å"(Blumenthal, 1:2) There is no actual profile of a computer criminal because they range from young teens to elders, from black to white, from short to tall. Definitions of computer crime has changed over the years as the users and misusers of computers have expanded into new areas. â€Å"When computers were first introduced into businesses, computer crime was defined simply as a form of white-collar crime committed inside a computer system. â€Å"(2600:Summer 92,p. 13) Some new terms have been added to the computer criminal vocabulary. â€Å"Trojan Horse is a hidden code put into a computer program. Logic bombs are implanted so that the perpetrator doesn’t have to physically present himself or herself. † (Phrack 12,p. 3) Another form of a hidden code is â€Å"salamis. † It came from the big salami loaves sold in delis years ago. Often people would take small portions of bites that were taken out of them and then they were secretly returned to the shelves in the hopes that no one would notice them missing. (Phrack 12,p. 44) Congress has been reacting to the outbreak of computer crimes. â€Å"The U. S. House of Judiciary Committee approved a bipartisan computer crime bill that was expanded to make it a federal crime to hack into credit and other data bases protected by federal privacy statutes. (Markoff, B 13:1) This bill is generally creating several categories of federal misdemeanor felonies for unauthorized access to computers to obtain money, goods or services or classified information. This also applies to computers used by the federal government or used in interstate of foreign commerce which would cover any system accessed by interstate telecommunication systems. â€Å"Computer crime often requires more sophistications than people realize it. â€Å"(Sullivan, 40:4) Many U. S. businesses have ended up in bankruptcy court unaware that they have been victimized by disgruntled employees. American businesses wishes that the computer security nightmare would vanish like a fairy tale. Information processing has grown into a gigantic industry. â€Å"It accounted for $33 billion in services in 1983, and in 1988 it was accounted to be $88 billion. † (Blumenthal, B 1:2) All this information is vulnerable to greedy employees, nosy-teenagers and general carelessness, yet no one knows whether the sea of computer crimes is â€Å"only as big as the Gulf of Mexico or as huge as the North Atlantic. † (Blumenthal,B 1:2) Vulnerability is likely to increase in the future. And by the turn of the century, â€Å"nearly all of the software to run computers will be bought from vendors rather than developed in houses, standardized software will make theft easier. † (Carley, A 1:1) A two-year secret service investigation code-named Operation Sun-Devil, targeted companies all over the United States and led to numerous seizures. Critics of Operation Sun-Devil claim that the Secret Service and the FBI, which have almost a similar operation, have conducted unreasonable search and seizures, they disrupted the lives and livelihoods of many people, and generally conducted themselves in an unconstitutional manner. My whole life changed because of that operation. They charged me and I had to take them to court. I have to thank 2600 and Emmanuel Goldstein for publishing my story. I owe a lot to the fellow hackers and fellow hackers and the Electronic Frontier Foundation for coming up with the blunt of the legal fees so we could fight for our rights. † (Interview with Steve Jackson, fellow hacker, who was charged in operation Sun Devil) The case of Steve Jackson Games vs. Secret Service has yet to come to a verdict yet but should very soon. The secret service seized all of Steve Jackson’s computer materials which he made a living on. They charged that he made games that published information on how to commit computer crimes. He was being charged with running a underground hack system. â€Å"I told them it was only a game and that I was angry and that was the way that I tell a story. I never thought Hacker [Steve Jackson’s game] would cause such a problem. My biggest problem was that they seized the BBS (Bulletin Board System) and because of that I had to make drastic cuts, so we laid of eight people out of 18. If the Secret Service had just come with a subpoena we could have showed or copied every file in the building for them. (Steve Jackson Interview) Computer professionals are grappling not only with issues of free speech and civil liberties, but also with how to educate the public and the media to the difference between on-line computer experimenters. They also point out that, while the computer networks and the results are a new kind of crime, they are protected by the same laws and freedom of any real world domain. â€Å"A 14-year old boy connects his home computer to a television line, and taps into the computer at his neighborhood bank and regularly transfers money into his personnel account. â€Å"(2600:Spring 93,p. 9) On paper and on screens a popular new mythology is growing quickly in which computer criminals are the ‘Butch Cassidys’ of the electronic age. â€Å"These true tales of computer capers are far from being futuristic fantasies. â€Å"(2600:Spring 93:p. 19) They are inspired by scores of real life cases. Computer crimes are not just crimes against the computer, but it is also against the theft of money, information, software, benefits and welfare and many more. â€Å"With the average damage from a computer crime amounting to about $. 5 million, sophisticated computer crimes can rock the industry. (Phrack 25,p. 6) Computer crimes can take on many forms. Swindling or stealing of money is one of the most common computer crime. An example of this kind of crime is the Well Fargo Bank that discovered an employee was using the banks computer to embezzle $21. 3 million, it is the largest U. S. electronic bank fraud on record. (Phrack 23,p. 46) Credit Card scams are also a type of computer crime. This is one that fears many people and for good reasons. A fellow computer hacker that goes by the handle of Raven is someone who uses his computer to access credit data bases. In a talk that I had with him he tried to explain what he did and how he did it. He is a very intelligent person because he gained illegal access to a credit data base and obtained the credit history of local residents. He then allegedly uses the residents names and credit information to apply for 24 Mastercards and Visa cards. He used the cards to issue himself at least 40,000 in cash from a number of automatic teller machines. He was caught once but was only withdrawing $200 and in was a minor larceny and they couldn’t prove that he was the one who did the other ones so he was put on probation. I was 17 and I needed money and the people in the underground taught me many things. I would not go back and not do what I did but I would try not to get caught next time. I am the leader of HTH (High Tech Hoods) and we are currently devising other ways to make money. If it weren’t for my computer my life would be nothing like it is today. â€Å"(Interview w/Raven) â€Å"Finally, one of the thefts involving the computer is the theft of computer time. Most of us don’t realize this as a crime, but the congress consider this as a crime. â€Å"(Ball,V85) Everyday people are urged to use the computer but sometimes the use becomes excessive or improper or both. For example, at most colleges computer time is thought of as free-good students and faculty often computerizes mailing lists for their churches or fraternity organizations which might be written off as good public relations. But, use of the computers for private consulting projects without payment of the university is clearly improper. In business it is the similar. Management often looks the other way when employees play computer games or generate a Snoopy calendar. But, if this becomes excessive the employees is stealing work time. And computers can only process only so many tasks at once. Although considered less severe than other computer crimes such activities can represent a major business loss. â€Å"While most attention is currently being given to the criminal aspects of computer abuses, it is likely that civil action will have an equally important effect on long term security problems. â€Å"(Alexander, V119) The issue of computer crimes draw attention to the civil or liability aspects in computing environments. In the future there may tend to be more individual and class action suits. Computer crimes are fast and growing because the evolution of technology is fast, but the evolution of law is slow. While a variety of states have passed legislation relating to computer crime, the situation is a national problem that requires a national solution. Controls can be instituted within industries to prevent such crimes. Protection measures such as hardware identification, access controls software and disconnecting critical bank applications should be devised. However, computers don’t commit crimes; people do. The perpetrator’s best advantage is ignorance on the part of those protecting the system. Proper internal controls reduce the opportunity for fraud. How to cite Trojan Horse, Essay examples

Costa Del Sol (2342 words) Essay Example For Students

Costa Del Sol (2342 words) Essay Costa Del SolIt is possible that the Neolithic revolution, the discovery of agriculture thepassage of nomadic to sedentary peoples, reached Europe by way of Africa throughwhat is known today as Andalusia. This historical center of influence, an east west displacement, from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic began with arevolution that introduced the usage of metals and the arrival of colonizersfrom the east. A confluence of fertile lands, of metallurgy and fishingactivities took place in this westernmost area that the Tartars once inhabited. This mysterious civilization that lived in the southern Iberian peninsula sincethe bronze ages, established the first known monarchy in western Europe. TheTartars, an agricultural and cattle raising people, also worked the gold mineswhile their ships traded with Great Britain from the west and received thePhoenicians from the east. This marked the beginning of a complex geographicalposition between two oceans and two continents. Rome took up residence on theseshores after realizing that this region could become the open door for a threatfrom Cartage. Roman legions appeared for the first time in the 3rd century BC. The exuberant province of B?tica would become for the next sevencenturies part of the great civilized world, contributing to the empirematerials such as metals, wine, oil, wheat, philosophers, writers and the firsttwo emperors born outside of the Italic peninsula.: Trajano and Adriano. Otherpeoples appeared from the north. From the shores of the Rin descended theVandals in 411 AD. They settled in the valley of the Guadalquivir river and innorthern Africa and for half a century united the shores of the two continents. Before being expelled by the Visigoths they had given a new name to the regionof Europe: Vandaluc?a. Since the arrival in 711 of Islam this region enjoyedwonderful times. The Caliphate of C?rdoba during many years was the mostsophisticated state in all of Europe. The Arabs contributed new techniques toagriculture, botany and science, poetry and intellectual development during aperiod of eight centuries. Their political breakdown was taken advantage of bythe Christian Kingdoms from the north of the peninsula accelerating the captureof the Iberian peninsula. In 1236 C?rdoba fell. Sevilla followed in 1248. Thelast bastion, the Kingdom of Granada, was conquered by the Catholic Kings in1492. that same year Columbus set sail from the Andalusian port of Palos inHuelva, to discover America. The center of global economic and politicalmovement was displaced. An Andalusian town took notice of this crucial momentachieving its greatest glory shortly afterwards for the following 150 years. Known as the spot where the heart of Europe beats, Sevilla becamethe neurological center of the Spanish empire. Her port received ships loadedwith gold and silver from America, and from there minted coins were circulatedthroughout other European nations. A little later C?diz would continue thisAndalusian leading role in its relations with the Indies. Sanl?car de Barrameda,a neighboring village became the port from where the first round the worldvoyage was initiated. Romantic travelers would later recall such splendors witharcheological remains of demolished towers, hidden patios in ancient homes andstately palaces. The myth of figures such as Carmen and the figure of Don Juan,generous bandits, brave bullfighters and oriental exoticism arose; imagesconstructed by foreign eyes that today still endure. Recent Andalusian historyis tied to a turbulent 19th century that started off with the War ofIndependence and the approval of the first Spanish Constitution in the courts ofC?diz in 1812. Efforts to modernize and industrialize the economy were markedby massive exploitations of mineral resources, and a remarkable increase inexports of wine and oil. These changes were strongly resisted by an economydeeply rooted in agriculture practices. The 20th-century arrived with proposalsof regeneration and optimism during the 20s. however social instabilitypersisted and led to the start of the Civil War in 1936 and its consequences. After the brilliant economic and social transformations of the 60s and 70s,democracy was established and Andalusia became an autonomous region in 1981,with the Junta de Andaluc?a as the maximum governing body and a Parliamentacting as the main instrument representing a population of close to six million. Arts and Culture The age old millennial history of Andalusia has left behind avast artistic legacy. The Alhambra of Granada, the Mezquita of C?rdoba, or theGiralda of Sevilla are monumental milestones of mankind. Most other cities andtowns are also represented with the best moments of Andalusian art left overlong periods of time. The brilliant Islamic, renaissance and most of all baroquearchitecture of its most important buildings, castles, fortresses andmonasteries, have been spread out over the region completing a national wealthof enormous importance. *Picture* This land of Vel?zquez, Murillo and Picasso,of paintings, sculpture, statues, jewelry, and archeological remains are spreadaround cathedrals, museums, churches, convents and palaces like custodians of awealth of artistic development. This land of Vel?zquez, Murillo and Picasso, ofpaintings, sculpture, statues, jewelry, and archeological remains are spreadaround cathedrals, museums, churches, convents and palaces like custod ians of awealth of artistic development. In the most remote towns it is possible to findan important altarpiece, a work of art in a painting or a most elaborate pieceof gold or silver work. The number of museums in Andalusia, leading off with theBellas Artes in Sevilla, the second most important art gallery in Spain afterthe Prado Museum, offers the opportunity to behold everything from sacred worksto the world of bullfighting. It also includes scenes from homes of variouswriters, painters and composers, exhibition halls of historic interest,ethnological and anthropological works, etc. It is most noted for itssignificant display of painting and sculpture. Traditions The variety of localfestivities and celebrations in Andalusia is as broad as its geography. Thecalendar is an authentic encyclopedia where art and local customs of the townsare summed up. During the spring, planting and harvesting seasons, holidays,street fairs and pilgrimages depict the most elaborate display of handicr afts,gastronomy, music and religious beliefs. Carnivals start off the series offestivals overturning the role of daily life with humor and irony. During SemanaSanta the temples display their most valued treasures in guided processions thataccompany the statues of the Passion, in an itinerary faithfully repeated eachyear The festivity of the Corpus is a justification for a colorful parade. TheCruces de Mayo (Crosses of May) spectacularly combine the religous with theprophane. Bullfighting fiestas in Andalusia are highly important due to theirdeep roots. During three quarters of the year bullfights are celebrated innumerous plazas, coinciding with local fairs, where people dance and sing to thesound of guitars. Flamenco is the genuine expression of Andalusian folklore. Procrastination EssayThe highway network has over 22.000 kilometers of roads. It is composed ofmotorways, highways and roadways of various categories. Investments carried outbetween the period of 1984-1992 have boosted this grid. The Highway ?92, ahorizontal core which crosses through the region from east to west linking allAndalusian capitals, facilitates the access to inland tourist areas of greatinterest. The railway system, the main star being the AVE, (high speed train)covers the distance between Madrid and Sevilla in less than three hours; a truerevolution. This new line of tracks has also improved communication betweenMadrid and M?laga, as the Talgo trains also use the AVE tracks between C?rdobaand the nation?s capital. Other junctions and stretches of important regionalrailways have been boosted while preserving the interest in the luxurious Al-Andalusline. Andalusia has a great number of airports. The one with the most activityis M?laga; one of Europes twenty most importan t in its number of passengers. Plans for expansion already underway, will increase annual passenger capacity totwelve million by the year 2000. Sevillas airport has been completelytransformed by adding on a new terminal servicing an annual capacity of fourmillion passengers. The airports in Almer?a and Jerez de la Frontera have alsomodernized their installations. The extensive Andalusian coastline has ports inAlgeciras, C?diz, M?laga and Almer?a. Over nine thousand moorings for shipsand boats are spread over numerous marinas, generating important commercial andtourist activity. The province of M?laga with its Costa del Sol has the largestnumber of moorings and marinas, followed by Almer?a, C?diz and Huelva. Sevillaalso has two river ports. Tourism Relax in Andalusia. expand your knowledge,practice sports, enjoy nature, or spend time in a pleasantly tranquilenvironment; options for all visitors. New tastes have generated abundantinformation about other forms of tourism such as hiking, camping and observinganimal li fe. These activities incorporate the expansion of rural tourism in theregion. The network of health spas and clinics in Andalusia are options forhealth conscious tourists. The list of sport installations is extensive. Skiingfor example in the Sierra Nevada, host of the 1995 world championship, is thesouthern most ski resort in Europe. As regards golf, the Costa del Sol has thelargest number of courses in all Europe, designed by specialists like GaryPlayer, Severiano Ballesteros amongst others it was chosen to host the 1997Ryder Cup. Both public and private tennis courts are abundant in numbers and arevery well equipped. Hunting and fishing are special activities availablethroughout the whole region. Andalusia is a horseback riders paradise, where onecan enroll in classes or take a ride through the open country. In addition tothese possibilities there are centers dedicated to high risk sports: caveexploring, mountain climbing and air sports such as gliding, paragliding,microlights or hot air ballooning. The Ciruito de Velocidad de Jerez (speedwaytrack) hosts international events in motorcycle and auto racing The traditionaltourist infrastructure of the coast offers sporting activities such as sailing,windsurfing, water-skiing and scuba-diving in the Atlantic and Mediterranean. The numerous marinas and scuba centers are proof of this. Other recreationcenters include water parks and theme parks such as the Parque Tem?ticoIsla M?gica in Sevilla as well as casinos. Conferences and conventionsheld in Andalusia take place in the well equipped convention centers with thelatest technology. In addition to these conference and trade centers in Sevilla,Torremolinos, Granada, Huelva, Ja?n, Jerez de la Frontera, etc. there arenumerous hotels and state-run hotels, Paradores. The culturalpossibilities of Andalusia also includes a complex calendar of music and dancefestivals, cinema and theater and other events along with other art, culture andtraditions.